From research institutes, colleges and universities to university medical centers, the knowledge sector is eager to become more sustainable. Commissioned by NWO and the Dutch Climate Research Initiative, and on behalf of the Sustainability Working Group of Dutch universities and universities of applied sciences, the Rathenau Institute and Het Groene Brein conducted a study to determine what changes are needed within the system to make the sector more sustainable. The report identifies the greatest barriers and opportunities, highlights which stakeholders play a key role and outlines what is needed to embed sustainability in education, research and daily practice.